Treatment Patterns of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: A 3-Year Retrospective Study in Major Industrial Region in Eastern India

Introduction This study is designed to outline the likely patterns of treatment modalities based on patient demographics and mechanism of injury in eastern region of India (industrial area). Objective To evaluate the various treatment patterns in eastern region of India and for better understanding of providing patient care. Materials and Methods We conducted a retrospective study by collecting data from the records of the patients who reported at our institution from 2018 to 2020. The types of the major procedures done at the department were classified based on the type and the area of the trauma. The data were tabulated using Excel sheet and projected in percentages. Later with statistical analysis by one-way ANOVA, the different groups were compared with SPSS version 20.0. Results The total number of patients observed were 197. The gender distribution was M/F = 1.31:1. Comminuted mandibular fracture had the highest incidence with RTA (road traffic accident) being the most prevalent etiology, whereas no significant difference was found between the types of procedures performed and demography of the patients. Conclusion Being a dominant industrial area (Jharkhand), it can be concluded that facial trauma is seen predominant in this part of eastern India due to road traffic accidents with heavy, high-speed vehicles and lack of awareness in using protective safety accessories. This study helped us evaluate the various major surgical procedures performed in the department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Such data would also act as an educational tool for trainees and for enhancing multidisciplinary meets.