Evaluation of Early Renal Changes in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Using Multiparametric MR Imaging

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical value of early renal changes in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using multiparameter MRI.Methods: The study included 41 diabetics (normoalbuminuria: n = 23; microalbuminuria: n = 18) and 30 healthy controls. All subjects underwent intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM), blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) and arterial spin labeling (ASL) examinations. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare MRI parameters among the three groups. Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between MRI parameters and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albumin–creatinine ratio (ACR). Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to assess the diagnostic performance.Results: There were statistical differences in cortical D, D*, f, renal blood flow (RBF) and medulla D, D*, f, R2* among the three groups (P