Investigating the research trajectory and future trends of immune disorders in diabetes cardiovascular complications: A bibliometric analysis over the past decade based on big data

Cardiovascular complications of diabetes are a top cause of death in diabetics and often involve immune system problems. Despite numerous studies, there's a shortage of extensive data to advance this field. This study aims to systematically analyze the role of immune dysregulation in these complications using bibliometric methods, to outline the research path and predict future directions. Published from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2023, 2826 records from the Web of Science Core Collection were analyzed. Collaboration networks, keyword co-occurrences, references, and research hotspots were visualized and analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel 2019, VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and R software. The number of research papers and citations on this topic has been increasing from 2014 to 2023, with significant contributions from the United States and China. Studies have focused on the effects of oxidative stress, inflammation, metabolism, gut microbiota, and COVID-19 on diabetic heart problems, highlighting the role of immune dysregulation in these diseases. This research provides an overview of immune dysregulation in the cardiovascular complications of diabetes, explores potential treatments including immunomodulation, insulin resistance, and the benefits of vitamin D on cardiovascular disease, and helps advance the field. •Research shows global collaboration vital in immune dysregulation's role in diabetes-related cardiovascular diseases.•COVID-19 pandemic saw surge in studies linking immune disorders, diabetes, and heart issues.•Key areas: oxidative stress, inflammation, metabolism, gut microbiota, and COVID-19's impact on diabetic heart disease.•Therapies explored: immunomodulation, insulin resistance modulation, vitamin D's cardiovascular benefits.