Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm as a rare catastrophic complication to surgical repair of mitral valve endocarditis

Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm (LVPA) is rarely described in the medical literature, as a complication of mitral valve repair after infective endocarditis (IE) and only a few cases have been published until now. We reported a case of a woman in her forties without past medical history who underwent a successful surgical repair of mycotic pseudoaneurysm at the apex of the left ventricular after two months of mitral mechanical prosthetic valve replacement due to infective endocarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) remains a rare condition with high associated morbidity and mortality. The rapid and accurate diagnosis with optimal medical therapy in cases of suspected IE is a central challenge of the disease. Delayed diagnosis and initiation of treatment lead to complications and worse clinical outcomes. Fatal cardiac structural complications occur when the infection spreads to the heart and the infection tends to spread through the weakest annular structures, leading to the formation of a paravalvular abscess, fistula, and pseudoaneurysm. The danger in this condition lies in causing a sudden hemodynamic collapse, which is difficult to treat without emergent surgical intervention. Result in a catastrophic condition and consequences. Therefore, early and rapid diagnosis remains the cornerstone of management. •Infective endocarditis (IE) remains a rare condition with high associated morbidity and mortality.•IE is an infection of the endocardial surface of any part of the heart, especially the prosthetic or native heart valve or an indwelling cardiac device•Delayed diagnosis and initiation of treatment lead to complications and worse clinical outcomes.•IE can cause a variety of histological cardiac and extracardiac complications. Fatal cardiac structural complications occur when the infection spreads to the heart and the infection tends to spread through the weakest annular structures, leading to the formation of a Paravalvular abscess, fistula, and pseudoaneurysm.•(LVPA) is a rare condition that forms when the LV-free wall ruptures and is contained by pericardial adhesions.•Mycotic left ventricular pseudoaneurysm is rarely described in the medical literature as a complication of infective endocarditis.