Neutral pH Fenton and photo-Fenton activity of Mo-doped iron-pyrite particles

Low H 2 O 2 utilization efficiency for hydroxyl radical generation, acidic pH, and recyclability are critical limitations of heterogeneous Fenton and photo-Fenton catalysts. The present research shows that the optimum Mo doping of FeS 2 particles can largely alleviate these catalysis constraints. A solvothermal protocol was followed to prepare polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) stabilized FeS 2 and Mo-doped FeS 2 particles. XRD observations showed that Mo doping increases the lattice parameters of FeS 2 . The band gap of the Mo-doped FeS 2 particles decreased to 1.58 eV from the 2.24 eV value exhibited by pure FeS 2 particles. Structural and electronic structure DFT calculations support these results. The Fenton and photo-Fenton p -nitrophenol (PNP) degradation at neutral pH on PVP-stabilized Mo-doped FeS 2 and FeS 2 particles were examined. The photo-Fenton results were substantially better than under Fenton conditions. The best PNP degradation photo-Fenton turnover frequency (TOF) recorded was 254.50 μmol g −1 min −1 on the PVP stabilized 4% Mo-doped FeS 2 sample. The Mo-doped FeS 2 catalysts were stable under photo-Fenton recycling, and the H 2 O 2 (1.66 mM) required for these reactions was significantly lower than most reports (30-6000 mM). Given the economic importance of the latter in Fenton/photo-Fenton reactions, H 2 O 2 normalized turnover frequency (13.85 and 153.31 mg −1 min −1 L for Fenton and photo-Fenton) values were used to evaluate catalytic activities. Mo-doping enhances FeS 2 photo-Fenton activity and recyclability at neutral pH by effective Fe 3+ to Fe 2+ conversion.