Expression analysis of microRNAs and cytokine mRNAs in pregnancies complicated by gestational hypertension

•TNF-α expression is higher in gestational hypertension than in healthy pregnancies.•TNF-α is positively correlated with IL-1β and IL-17.•Negative correlation was observed between TNF-α and miR-181a.•TNF-α cannot discriminate gestational hypertension from healthy pregnancies. Gestational hypertension (GH11GH − gestational hypertension) is one of the most common pregnancy-related complications, however, there is still insufficient knowledge about its development and molecular changes. The aim of our study was to examine the expression of miR-17, miR-29a and miR-181a, as well as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-17 in women with GH and to investigate possible correlations between these parameters. The study included 64 pregnant women, placed either in the control or the GH group. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR22qPCR − quantitative real-time PCR.) was used to determine expression levels of microRNAs and cytokines’ mRNAs. Expression levels of miRNAs (miR-17, miR-29a and miR-181a) and proinflammatory cytokines mRNAs (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-17) in women with gestational hypertension were compared to the control group (healthy pregnant women). No significant changes in microRNAs expression level were found between compared groups. TNF-α was significantly upregulated in the GH group compared to controls. Expression levels of other investigated cytokines did not differ between examined groups. ROC curve analysis indicated that TNF-α does not show sufficient ability to discriminate between CG and GH patients. TNF-α was significantly positively correlated with IL-1β and IL-17 and negatively correlated with miR-181a. Our results point to the involvement of proinflamatory cytokines in gestational hypertension. Although increased expression of TNF-α was found in the GH group, this cytokine did not show sufficient ability to discriminate between GH and healthy pregnancies.