Changes in Rates of Postprocedural Endophthalmitis and Treatments

Ghalibafan et al discuss the trends in the rate of postprocedural endophthalmitis and associated treatments over the past two decades based on the study by VanderBeek et al. The study found that the rate of postprocedural endophthalmitis has decreased by almost 75%, and there has also been a reduction in the rate of prompt vitrectomy as a primary treatment modality. The authors included intravitreal injections in their analysis, which have increased significantly over time. The study reported a decrease in the rate of post-injection endophthalmitis. Cataract surgery volume was also found to be a driver of procedure growth, with decreasing rates of endophthalmitis over time. The reasons for the reduced rate of postoperative infections are unclear, but factors such as the use of intracameral antibiotics and improved phacodynamics and operative equipment may have contributed. The authors also discuss the considerations for performing a vitreous tap or vitrectomy in the treatment of endophthalmitis. They emphasize the importance of early treatment with antibiotics and tailoring the treatment to each patient. The commentary concludes by highlighting the need for further research to determine the optimal management of endophthalmitis.