Paediatric postoperative acute kidney injury after non‐cardiac surgery: Protocol for a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Background Paediatric acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with significant adverse outcomes such as increased mortality, progression to chronic kidney disease and longer length of stay in hospital. Postoperative AKI is a common and recognized complication after surgery in adults. In the paediatric population, AKI postoperatively to cardiac surgery has been extensively studied. However, the incidence of postoperative AKI after non‐cardiac surgery is less clear. Therefore, we aim to assess the available literature on this topic. Methods We will conduct a systematic review of observational and randomized controlled trials assessing the incidence of paediatric postoperative AKI after non‐cardiac surgery. Pairs of reviewers will independently screen the literature and extract data and assess risk of bias from eligible studies. The databases Pubmed, Cochrane and Web of Sciences will be searched. We will conduct the review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines and the Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. If sufficient homogeneity within the included trials we will conduct meta‐analyses. Discussion This systematic review aims to investigate the incidence of postoperative AKI in the paediatric non‐cardiac surgery population. The results of this review will provide a foundation for future research in the field of paediatric postoperative AKI.