High-fat diet-induced increase in glucocorticoids contributes to adipogenesis in obese mice

This study was designed to examine how glucocorticoids (GCs) induced by a long-term ingestion of high-fat diet (HFD) mediate the HFD-induced adipose expansion and obesity. To address this goal, we used a unique L/L mouse model that fails to induce its corticosterone (CORT) level, a major type of GCs in rodents, after prolonged exposure to an HFD. We found that, after receiving a 12-week HFD feeding, the L/L mice show less weight gain, milder adipose expansion, and higher plasma levels of triglycerides than the wild-type mice. These changes were reversed by replenishing CORT to L/L mice. When examining the expression levels of various molecules linked to lipid uptake and de novo lipogenesis in CORT-induced adipose expansion, we observed a reduction in the expression of adipose preadipocyte factor 1 (Pref-1), a key regulator in adipogenesis. In 3T3-L1 preadipocyte-like cells, dexamethasone, an agonist of the glucocorticoid receptor, also reduced expressions of Pref-1 and facilitated intracellular accumulation of lipids. Our results suggest that fat ingestion-induced release of CORT contributes to adipose expansion and development of obesity and highlight the pathogenic role of CORT-mediated downregulation of adipose Pref-1 in diet-induced obesity. •Fat ingestion-induced release of CORT contributes to adipose expansion and development of obesity.•HFD-induced release of CORT enhance eWAT expansion by facilitating the uptake of lipids from the bloodstream to the lipid storage organs.•Pref-1, the gatekeeper of adipogenesis, is a regulator involved in the CORT-mediated eWAT expansion in HFD mice.