The role of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment and pathogenesis of psoriasis

•MSCs and their secretome hold significant promise as a therapeutic option for skin inflammatory conditions like psoriasis.•Dermal MSCs play a significant role in the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis by interacting with various immune cells.•Incorporating MSCs into combination therapy for psoriasis shows great potential. Psoriasis, a prevalent inflammatory skin condition impacting millions globally, continues to pose treatment challenges, despite the availability of multiple therapies. This underscores the demand for innovative treatments. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic option due to their capacity to modulate the immune system and facilitate tissue healing. Recent research indicates that MSCs don’t just work through direct cell-to-cell interactions but also release extracellular vesicles (EVs), containing various bioactive substances like proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. This article explores our current knowledge of psoriasis’s origins and the potential utilization of MSCs and their EVs, particularly exosomes, in managing the condition. Additionally, we delve into how MSCs and EVs function in therapy, including their roles in regulating immune responses and promoting tissue repair. Lastly, we discuss the obstacles and opportunities associated with translating MSC-based treatments for psoriasis into clinical practice.