Gut microbial metabolites in cancer therapy

Gut microbial metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids, tryptophan metabolites, and bile acid derivatives, can influence cancer development and anticancer immunity.Gut microbial metabolites interact with tumor and immune cells through metabolic, epigenetic, and other signaling pathways.Targeting gut microbiota metabolites has the potential to significantly improve the efficacy of anticancer therapies. The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and promoting health. A growing number of studies have indicated that gut microbiota can affect cancer development, prognosis, and treatment through their metabolites. By remodeling the tumor microenvironment and regulating tumor immunity, gut microbial metabolites significantly influence the efficacy of anticancer therapies, including chemo-, radio-, and immunotherapy. Several novel therapies that target gut microbial metabolites have shown great promise in cancer models. In this review, we summarize the current research status of gut microbial metabolites in cancer, aiming to provide new directions for future tumor therapy. The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and promoting health. A growing number of studies have indicated that gut microbiota can affect cancer development, prognosis, and treatment through their metabolites. By remodeling the tumor microenvironment and regulating tumor immunity, gut microbial metabolites significantly influence the efficacy of anticancer therapies, including chemo-, radio-, and immunotherapy. Several novel therapies that target gut microbial metabolites have shown great promise in cancer models. In this review, we summarize the current research status of gut microbial metabolites in cancer, aiming to provide new directions for future tumor therapy.