New Clerodane Diterpenoids from Tinospora Capillipes with Antibacterial and Anti‐Inflammatory Properties

Four new clerodane diterpenoids, namely tinocapills A–D (1–4), and one known analogue (5) were isolated from the roots of Tinospora capillipes in the present study. The structures of these new compounds, including their absolute configurations, were determined through a combination of detailed spectroscopic analysis and theoretical statistical approaches, including electronic circular dichroism (ECD) analyses and quantum mechanical (QM)‐NMR methods. Additionally, the stereostructure of 5 was confirmed via X‐ray diffraction analysis. Furthermore, all these isolates were evaluated for their antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory activities. Compounds 1, 2 and 5 demonstrated antibacterial activity against methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with MICs ranging from 4–64 μg/mL, and compounds 3 and 4 exhibited potential anti‐inflammatory effects by suppressing LPS‐induced TNF‐α and NO releases in RAW264.7 cells.