Association of Social Support and Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Completion Among Racially and Ethnically Diverse Patients

Purpose Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is presently the most evidence-based, effective treatment of obesity. Nevertheless, only half of the eligible individuals who are referred for this procedure complete it. This study aims to investigate the association between social support and MBS completion, considering race and ethnicity. Methods In this prospective cohort study, 413 participants were enrolled between 2019 and 2022. Using the 19-item Brief Family Relationship Scale, which comprises three subscales (eight-item Cohesion subscale, four-item Expressiveness subscale, and seven-item Conflict subscale), the quality of family relationship functioning was assessed. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine the association between MBS completion and social support status, adjusting for variables including race, ethnicity, age, gender, body mass index, and insurance. Results The mean age of the sample was 47.55 years (SD 11.57), with 87% of the participants being female and 39% non-Hispanic White. Nearly 35% of participants ( n = 145) completed MBS. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed overall cohesion (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.52 [95% CI, 1.15–2.00]; p = .003) and overall expressiveness (aOR, 1.58 [95% CI, 1.22–2.05]; p < .001) were associated with higher odds of pursuing MBS. There was no significant interaction between overall cohesion, expressiveness, conflict, and race/ethnicity ( p = .61, p = .63, p = .25, respectively). Conclusion The findings indicated that there is a link between family-based social support and MBS completion, regardless of race and ethnicity. Future research should continue to explore the complex interplay between family dynamics and MBS outcomes, considering cultural variations to enhance the effectiveness of obesity interventions within diverse communities. Graphical Abstract