Identification of oxidative stress signatures of lung adenocarcinoma and prediction of patient prognosis or treatment response with single-cell RNA sequencing and bulk RNA sequencing data

•Investigated the regulatory patterns of oxidative stress in LUAD based on oxidative stress-related genes systematically.•We constructed a 10-gene(CLEC3B, CYP4B1, SFTPB, TPX2, SLC34A2, CRTAC1, MS4A1, CPS1, JCHAIN, and S100P) risk profile by univariate Cox regression analysis and LASSO regression analysis, then validated the prognostic efficacy of the risk score in the validation set. We subsequently performed univariate and multivariate Cox analyses of the variables to determine whether the risk score was an independent prognostic factor for patients with LUAD, and the results showed that the risk score was an independent predictor of OS. Two genes with the most significant differential expression, SFTPB and S100P, were selected through qRT-PCR. Cell experiments including CCK-8, Edu, transwell assays confirmed their effects on lung cancer cells growth, consistent with the results of bioinformatics analysis. These findings suggested that this model held potential clinical value for evaluating the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma.•We systematically investigated the regulatory patterns of oxidative stress in LUAD based on oxidative stress-related genes and systematically correlated these regulatory patterns with the cellular infiltration characteristics of the TIME. We found that oxidative stress was differentially regulated in the high- and low-risk score groups and that the TIMEs of the two groups were different. Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), the most common subtype of lung cancer globally, has seen improved prognosis with advancements in diagnostic, surgical, radiotherapy, and molecular therapy techniques, while its 5-year survival rate remains low. Molecular biomarkers provide prognostic value. Oxidative stress factors, such as reactive nitrogen species and ROS, are crucial in various stages of tumor progression, influencing cell transformation, proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. ROS demonstrate dual roles, affecting tumor cells, hypoxia sensitivity, and the microenvironment. Comprehensive analysis of oxidative stress in LUAD has not been conducted to date. Therefore, we systematically investigated the regulatory patterns of oxidative stress in LUAD based on oxidative stress-related genes and correlated these patterns with cellular infiltration characteristics of the tumor immune microenvironment. The model utilizes single-factor Cox analysis to screen key differential genes with prognostic value and employs least absolute shrinkage and selection