Prevention and treatment of antibiotics-associated adverse effects through the use of probiotics: A review

[Display omitted] •Antibiotic-associated side effects: a widespread and multifaceted challenge.•Probiotics mitigate antibiotic-related side effects, supported by latest evidence.•Probiotic mechanisms against antibiotic-induced side effects are multifaceted.•Personalized probiotic approaches tailor to individual needs.•Ongoing research is vital for advancing probiotic solutions. The human gut hosts a diverse microbial community, essential for maintaining overall health. However, antibiotics, commonly prescribed for infections, can disrupt this delicate balance, leading to antibiotic-associated diarrhea, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, and even neurological disorders. Recognizing this, probiotics have emerged as a promising strategy to counteract these adverse effects. This review aims to offer a comprehensive overview of the latest evidence concerning the utilization of probiotics in managing antibiotic-associated side effects. Probiotics play a crucial role in preserving gut homeostasis, regulating intestinal function and metabolism, and modulating the host immune system. These mechanisms serve to effectively alleviate antibiotic-associated adverse effects and enhance overall well-being.