Three-Dimension Sawbone Models and Shadow-Play: A Low-Cost Approach to Improve Orthopedic Plain Radiograph Reading in Medical Students

•Three-Dimension sawbone models and shadow-play enhance X-ray comprehension in medical students.•Three-Dimension sawbone models and shadow-play outperform conventional orthopedic pedagogies.•3D sawbone models and shadow-play foster holistic, self-driven learning.•Cost-effective and engaging, 3D sawbone model fit widespread orthopaedic education.•Improved baseline anatomy knowledge elevates 3D sawbone and shadow-play learning. The usage of 3D sawbone models and shadow-play is a novel teaching method in orthopedic education. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of 3D sawbone models and shadow-play in improving medical student orthopedic knowledge and interpretation of plain radiographs. Ninety-three medical students with no prior clinical orthopaedic experience were recruited into 2 groups: Group 1 underwent conventional education methods and Group 2 underwent a sawbone and shadow-play education. A pre and post-test designed to determine orthopedic knowledge and interpretation of plain radiographs was performed. Five participants were randomly selected for a semi-structured qualitative interview postintervention. There was an increase in mean test scores in both groups. The difference in the means of pre- and post-test average outcomes between the control group was 3.00 (SD = 2.08), as compared to 4.74 (SD = 2.69) for the sawbone group. Group 2 (sawbone) exhibited a significantly better improvement. (p < 0.001). Interviews revealed several themes: improved engagement, enhanced visualization, holistic learning, and challenges. The utilization of 3D sawbone models and shadow-play as teaching tools in orthopedics demonstrates significant efficacy and is more effective than conventional teaching methods in novice medical students. Students perceived the incorporation of sawbone models and shadow-play as highly engaging, providing them with enhanced visualization capabilities, consequently fostering a deeper comprehension of anatomical structures and X-ray interpretations.