The effect of curcumin on paraoxonase 1 protein levels, gene expression, and enzyme activity: A systematic review of animal interventional studies

Paraoxonase (PON) proteins have various hydrolytic activities. The PON family is able to detoxify oxidized low-density lipoprotein. Additionally, differentiation of monocytes into macrophages, as the first stage in the development of atherosclerosis, is suppressed by PON 1. The effects of polyphenols including curcumin on PON1 have been investigated in studies. In this study, our main goal is to investigate curcumin’s effect on PON1 protein levels, gene expression, and enzyme activity in animal interventional studies. The literature was searched through the online databases including PubMed, SCOPUS, Embase, and Google Scholar until May 2022. Curcumin administration can increase the PON1 enzyme activity. Also, it probably has a positive role in increasing the PON1 gene expression. However, concerning the PON1 protein values, results are contradictory. The findings of this study suggested positive role of curcumin in increasing PON1 enzyme activities, gene expression, and protein levels. Data are available from the corresponding author (Kheirouris@tbzmed.ac.ir) •Curcumin cause a significant increase in PON1 activity or preventing the reduction of PON1 activity.•Curcumin probably has a positive role in increasing the PON1 gene expression.•Regarding the effect of curcumin on PON1 protein values, results are contradictory and more studies are needed to draw a conclusion.