About 1.5 million community-dwelling US adults with active epilepsy reported uncontrolled seizures in the past 12 months, and seizure control varied by annual family income—National Health Interview Survey, United States 2021 and 2022

•About 1.5 million US adults with active epilepsy have suboptimal seizure control.•Seizure control among those with active epilepsy varied by annual family income.•Interventions are warranted for those with seizures at all family income levels. Uncontrolled seizures among people with epilepsy increase risk of adverse health and social outcomes including increased risk of death. Previous population-based studies have reported suboptimal seizure control and disparities in seizure control among U.S. adults with active epilepsy (self-reported doctor-diagnosed epilepsy and taking anti-seizure medicine or with ≥ 1 seizures in the past 12 months) by annual family income. This brief is based upon data from the 2021 and 2022 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) to provide updated national estimates of the percentages of adults with active epilepsy with and without seizure control (0 seizures in past 12 months) vs. ≥ 1) by anti-seizure medication use and by annual family income. Annual family income was operationalized with NHIS poverty-income ratio (PIR) categories (i.e., total family income divided by the US Census Bureau poverty threshold given the family’s size and number of children): PIR