An Analytical Framework for the Embodiment of Structural Inequities

Objective: The goal of this article is to describe a conceptual multilevel model that provides evidence of embodiment of a societal stressor on the health of the individuals and illustrate with simulated data how omitting components in the analysis model fails to properly capture how context influen...

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Veröffentlicht in:Health psychology 2024-08, Vol.43 (8), p.551-560
Hauptverfasser: Llabre, Maria M., Goodman, Zachary T.
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:Objective: The goal of this article is to describe a conceptual multilevel model that provides evidence of embodiment of a societal stressor on the health of the individuals and illustrate with simulated data how omitting components in the analysis model fails to properly capture how context influences health. Method: We describe a two-level model with variables at each level: stress at the group level and appraisal at the individual level. These factors are assumed to influence the blood pressure of individuals. Importantly, the person-level predictor is responsible for bringing the group-level predictor to the individual level by a cross-level interaction between stress and appraisal and/or a mediated effect of stress. When combined, the model components may be partitioned into a pure direct effect, a pure indirect effect, pure interaction effect, and an interaction-in-mediation effect. Data were generated in accordance with the model with each component accounting for some proportion of variance in blood pressure. Results: To the extent these components operate in the process of embodiment, a proposition we argue is reasonable, failure to specify the analytic model with all components leads to failure to characterize embodiment and misattribution of the effect and mechanism. Conclusions: To fully quantify embodiment of a societal stressor on a health outcome, studies should use multilevel designs and estimate cross-level interactions and mediated effects. Objetivo: El objetivo de este artículo es describir un modelo conceptual multinivel que proporciona evidencia de la materialización de un factor estresante social en la salud de los individuos e ilustrar con datos simulados cómo la omisión de componentes en el modelo de análisis no logra capturar adecuadamente cómo el contexto influye en la salud. Métodos: Describimos un modelo de dos niveles con variables en cada nivel: Estrés a nivel grupal y Evaluación a nivel individual. Se supone que estos factores influyen en la presión arterial de los individuos. Es importante destacar que el predictor a nivel de persona es responsable de llevar el predictor a nivel de grupo al nivel individual mediante una interacción entre niveles entre el Estrés y la Evaluación y/o un efecto mediado del estrés. Cuando se combinan, los componentes del modelo pueden dividirse en un efecto directo puro, un efecto indirecto puro, un efecto de interacción puro y un efecto de interacción en mediación. Los datos se generaron de acue
ISSN:0278-6133
1930-7810
1930-7810
DOI:10.1037/hea0001384