Population pharmacokinetics and dosage optimization of linezolid in Chinese older patients

Purpose To assess the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of linezolid in a retrospective cohort of hospitalized Chinese older patients. Methods Patients > 60 years of age, who received intravenous linezolid (600 mg), were included. A population pharmacokinetics (PPK) model was established using nonlinear mixed-effects modeling. The predictive performance of the final model was assessed using goodness-of-fit plots, bootstrap analyses, and visual predictive checks. Monte Carlo simulations were used to evaluate the achievement of a pharmacodynamics target for the area under the serum concentration–time curve/minimum inhibitory concentration (AUC 0–24 /MIC). Results A total of 210 samples were collected from 120 patients. A one-compartment PPK model with linear elimination best predicted the linezolid plasma concentrations. Linezolid clearance (CL) was 4.22 L h −1 and volume of distribution (V d ) was 45.80 L; serum uric acid (SUA) was a significant covariate of CL. Conclusion The results of this study indicated that the standard dose was associated with a risk of overexposure in older patients, particularly those with high SUA values; these patients would benefit from a lower dose (300 mg every 12 h).