Assessment of sleep parameters in adults with persistent post-concussive symptoms

The primary aim of this study was to characterize sleep in adults with persistent post-concussive symptoms (PPCS). Secondary aims explored relationships between sleep parameters, injury characteristics, and symptom questionnaires. This case-controlled, cross-sectional study recruited adults (18–65yrs) diagnosed with PPCS and age and sex-matched controls. Participants wore a wrist-worn actigraph for 3–7 nights and completed daily sleep diaries. Participants completed questionnaires examining daytime sleepiness, fatigue, anxiety/depressive symptoms, and sedentariness. Sleep parameters were compared between groups using Mann-Whitney U tests. Secondary analyses used two-way ANOVA and Spearman's rank correlations. Fifty adults with PPCS (43.7 ± 10.6yrs, 78 % female) and 50 controls (43.6 ± 11.0yrs) were included in this study. Adults with PPCS had significantly longer sleep onset latency (PPCS 16.99 ± 14.51min, Controls 8.87 ± 6.44min, p