Periodontitis and systemic parameters in chronic kidney disease: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

Objective To perform a systematic review with meta‐analysis to assess recent scientific evidence on the association between periodontitis and systemic parameters/conditions in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Materials and Methods The search for studies was performed in MedLine/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and BIREME databases. Reference lists of selected articles were also searched. Studies with different epidemiological designs evaluating the influence of exposure to periodontitis on serum markers and mortality in individuals with CKD were eligible for inclusion. Three independent reviewers performed the article selection and data extraction. The assessment of methodological quality used the adapted Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Random effects meta‐analysis was performed to calculate association measurements and 95% confidence intervals. Results In total, 3053 records were identified in the database search, with only 25 studies meeting the eligibility criteria and, of these, 10 studies contributed data for meta‐analysis. Using a random‐effects model, periodontitis was associated with hypoalbuminemia (PRunadjusted = 2.47; 95%CI:1.43–4.26), with high levels of C‐reactive protein (PRunadjusted = 1.35; 95%CI%:1.12–1.64), death from cardiovascular disease (RRunadjusted = 2.29; 95%CI:1.67–3.15) and death from all causes (RRunadjusted = 1.73; 95%CI:1.32–2.27). Conclusions The findings of this review validated a positive association between periodontitis and serum markers and mortality data in individuals with CKD.