The effect of bariatric surgery on polycystic ovary syndrome patients’ obstetric and neonatal outcomes: a population-based study

Purpose To examine the effect of bariatric surgery (BS) on obstetric and neonatal outcomes in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods A retrospective population-based cohort study utilizing the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Nationwide Inpatient Sample database, including women who delivered in the third trimester or had a maternal death in the USA (2004–2014). We compared obstetric and neonatal outcomes between groups in three analyses: (1) Primary analysis—women with an ICD-9 PCOS diagnosis who underwent BS compared to pregnant PCOS patients without BS. (2) Sub-group analysis—PCOS women with BS compared to obese PCOS women (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m 2 ) without BS. (3) Women with and without PCOS who underwent BS. Result In the primary analysis, pregnant PCOS women who underwent BS ( N = 141), compared to pregnant PCOS women without BS ( N = 14,741), were less likely to develop pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) (9.2% vs. 16.2%, respectively, aOR 0.39, 95% CI 0.21–0.72) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (9.9% vs. 18.8, aOR 0.40, 95% CI 0.23–0.70). In the sub-group analysis, PCOS women with BS, compared to obese PCOS women without BS ( N = 3231), were less likely to develop gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and preeclampsia or eclampsia superimposed on hypertension ( P