The enchanting canvas of CAR technology: Unveiling its wonders in non-neoplastic diseases

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have made a groundbreaking advancement in personalized immunotherapy and achieved widespread success in hematological malignancies. As CAR technology continues to evolve, numerous studies have unveiled its potential far beyond the realm of oncology. This review focuses on the current applications of CAR-based cellular platforms in non-neoplastic indications, such as autoimmune, infectious, fibrotic, and cellular senescence-associated diseases. Furthermore, we delve into the utilization of CARs in non-T cell populations such as natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages, highlighting their therapeutic potential in non-neoplastic conditions and offering the potential for targeted, personalized therapies to improve patient outcomes and enhanced quality of life. Shu et al. summarize the diverse applications of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-based cellular platforms beyond cancer, focusing on autoimmune, infectious, fibrotic, and senescence-related diseases. In addition, they offer insights into CAR applications in non-T cell populations such as NK cells and macrophages, underscoring their potential for personalized therapies.