Influence of leaks in surface filters on particulate emissions

Compliance with severe limit values of dust emissions is a main characteristic of surface filters. This characteristic is due to the high particle collection efficiency of surface filters. Beside regular operation it is necessary to consider phenomena such as a “pinhole” bypass through leaks in surface filters to ensure the above mentioned compliance with the limit values at all times. Experimental research has been carried out to observe and understand the “pinhole” bypass through leaks and the behaviour of pinholes over filtration time. To work out the influence of different filtration conditions the parameters pinhole diameter, filter face velocity and dust cake thickness were varied. The results can be explained by formulas usually used to calculate volumetric flow rates of orifice gauges. The experiments and the calculations lead to the conclusions that bigger pinholes decrease the collection efficiency and higher filter face velocities increase the collection efficiency of pinholed filter media.