Post-COVID Analysis of Which U.S. Medical Schools Produce the Most Neurosurgery Residents: 2021–2023 in Review

The process surrounding application to the national residency matching program changed drastically because of COVID. Virtual interviews, pre-interview Zoom socials, and limitations on sub-internships are major changes that applicants worldwide have had to overcome. The available literature does not reflect the impact of major changes to the interview process. Here, we examine the neurosurgery resident cohort from 2021–2023 to investigate differences between United States medical schools pre- and post-COVID. A database was constructed reporting the number of students matched to neurosurgery for U.S. medical schools (M.D. and D.O.) from 2021–2023. Percentage of total graduates matched to neurosurgery was calculated and institutions were ranked by this metric. This rank was compared to a rank reported in 2021. Variables were compared across the pre- and post-COVID cohorts. Case Western, Johns Hopkins, Mayo Clinic, Vanderbilt, University of Illinois, and University of California San Francisco produced the most neurosurgical residents as a percentage of total graduates. There was a statistically significant difference in the post-COVID cohort between medical schools with a home program versus those without. For the top 20 ranked U.S. News and World Report medical schools, there was a statistically insignificant increase in the number of graduates matched to neurosurgery. With the data provided, there have not been many significant changes in which medical schools produce the most neurosurgery residents since COVID changes were implemented. The playing field has remained relatively stable in the setting of major changes.