Frequency‐Temporal Filtering for a Robust Audio Fingerprinting Scheme in Real‐Noise Environments

In a real environment, sound recordings are commonly distorted by channel and background noise, and the performance of audio identification is mainly degraded by them. Recently, Philips introduced a robust and efficient audio fingerprinting scheme applying a differential (high‐pass filtering) to the frequency‐time sequence of the perceptual filter‐bank energies. In practice, however, the robustness of the audio fingerprinting scheme is still important in a real environment. In this letter, we introduce alternatives to the frequency‐temporal filtering combination for an extension method of Philips’ audio fingerprinting scheme to achieve robustness to channel and background noise under the conditions of a real situation. Our experimental results show that the proposed filtering combination improves noise robustness in audio identification.