3D MR elastography-based stiffness as a marker for predicting tumor grade and subtype in cervical cancer

Increasing evidence has indicated that high tissue stiffness (TS) may be a potential biomarker for evaluation of tumor aggressiveness. To investigate the value of magnetic resonance elastography (MRE)-based quantitative parameters preoperatively predicting the tumor grade and subtype of cervical cancer (CC). Retrospective. Twenty-five histopathology-proven CC patients and 7 healthy participants. 3.0T, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (LAVA-flex) and MRE with a three-dimensional spin-echo echo-planar imaging. The regions of interest (ROIs) were manually drawn by two observers in tumors to measure mean TS, storage modulus (G′), loss modulus (G″) and damping ratio (DR) values. Surgical specimens were evaluated for tumor grades and subtypes. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was expressed in terms of inter-observer agreements. t-test or Mann-Whitney nonparametric test was used to compare the complex modulus and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values between different tumor groups. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance. The TS of endocervical adenocarcinoma (ECA) group was significantly higher than that in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) group (5.27 kPa vs. 3.44 kPa, P = 0.042). The TS also showed significant difference between poorly and well/moderately differentiated CC (5.21 kPa vs. 3.47 kPa, P = 0.038), CC patients and healthy participants (4.18 kPa vs. 1.99 kPa, P