Amenorrhea in adolescents using the etonogestrel contraceptive implant

Clinical factors related to development of amenorrhea in adolescents with the etonogestrel contraceptive implant are not well-understood. The purpose of this study is to describe what baseline clinical characteristics are associated with amenorrhea in adolescents with a contraceptive implant 12 months after placement. This retrospective cohort study included 252 post-menarchal individuals aged 12–22 years with a contraceptive implant placed between 2016–2020. Data abstracted at insertion, three months post-insertion, and 12 months post-insertion included demographics, baseline bleeding pattern, prior contraception use, post-insertion bleeding pattern, and method discontinuation. We assessed possible predictive characteristics of our outcomes using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses. Twenty nine percent of patients were amenorrheic 12 months after placement. Patients who were amenorrheic at 12 months were more likely to be obese (41.1% vs 24.6%, p = 0.01), to have been amenorrheic prior to implant insertion (16.9% vs 5.4%, p