Evaluation of Biocompatibility for Porous Bioactive Glass Scaffolds

The objective of this work is to evaluate the cytotoxicity, acute and chronic inflammatory response and mutagenicity of a high porosity bioactive glass (BG60S), produced by sol-gel method. The BG60S analyzed by direct contact and elution tests showed cytotoxic levels compatible with international standards (ISO 10,993-5). The BG60S extract reduced by ≈50% the cellular viability of L929, CHO and CPis cells measured by the MTT assay. The diluted extract (1:3) restored the cellular viability. We did not find edema induction in the rat paw test, nor cell migration to peritoneum, as measured by the inflammatory acute response. A BG60S implant did not induce chronic inflammation measured by hemoglobin levels (blood vessels formation), as well as the presence of macrophages and neutrophils (NAG and MPO activities, respectively). The BG60S extract was unable to induce colony reversion of Salmonella thyphimurium (with or without S9), thus precluding its mutagenic activity.