Nasal Microbiota and Sensitivity Pattern in Rhinosinusitis

Aims To know the microorganism causing rhinosinusitis & to study the antibiotic sensitivity pattern for the isolated nasal microbiota in this region. Background Rhinosinusitis is inflammatory condition of nose and paranasal sinuses [ 1 ]. It is multifactorial condition, in which microorganisms play pathogenic role [ 2 ]. Interactions between microorganisms, mucosa and environmental changes influence on composition of bacterial ecosystem [ 2 ]. Though antibiotics are frequently used for medical management of rhinosinusitis, sensitivity directed antibiotics are rarely prescribed. So, this study is directed to know microbial isolate in rhinosinusitis and its antibiotic sensitivity pattern. Methodology in this 6 months prospective study during March to September 2022, done at Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Raichur Institute of Medical Sciences, Raichur; patients attending Otorhinolaryngology outpatient department and diagnosed to have rhinosinusitis were selected. Nasal swabs were collected from the middle meatus by diagnostic nasal endoscopy and were sent for culture and sensitivity. Statistical tests were applied for results(Size = 100). Results Out of 100 patients, 52 were males, 48 were females; 88 were adults & 12 were paediatric patients. 59 patients had acute, 32 chronic and 9 had recurrent rhinosinusitis. Most common organisms isolated in acute rhinosinusitis was Klebsiella 28%, Staphylococcus aureus 56% & 66% in chronic & recurrent rhinosinusitis respectively. Klebsiella was sensitive to beta lactams & quinolones, while Staphylococcus aureus was sensitive to beta lactams & cephalosporins. Conclusion Increase in antibiotic use has led to antibiotic resistance. Hence judicious, sensitivity directed antibiotic usage reduces the risk of antibiotic resistance and unnecessary use of antibiotics.