Late pregnancy maternal naringin supplementation affects the mitochondria in the cerebellum of Wistar rat offspring via sirtuin 3 and AKT

Dietary polyphenol consumption is associated with a wide range of neuroprotective effects by improving mitochondrial function and signaling. Consequently, the use of polyphenol supplementation has been investigated as an approach to prevent neurodevelopmental diseases during gestation; however, the data obtained are still very inconclusive, mostly because of the difficulty of choosing the correct doses and period of administration to properly prevent neurodegenerative diseases without undermining normal brain development. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the effect of naringin supplementation during the third week of gestation on mitochondrial health and signaling in the cerebellum of 21‐day‐old offspring. The offspring born to naringin‐supplemented dams displayed higher mitochondrial mass, membrane potential, and superoxide content in the cerebellum without protein oxidative damage. Such alterations were associated with dynamin‐related protein 1 (DRP1) and phosphorylated AKT (p‐AKT) downregulation, whereas the sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) levels were strongly upregulated. Our findings suggest that high dietary polyphenol supplementation during gestation may reduce mitochondrial fission and affect mitochondrial dynamics even 3 weeks after delivery via SIRT3 and p‐AKT. Although the offspring born to naringin dams did not present neurobehavioral defects, the mitochondrial alterations elicited by naringin may potentially interfere during neurodevelopment and need to be further investigated. Maternal naringin supplementation during pregnancy affects mitochondrial fission and increases mitochondrial functionality and superoxide production in the cerebellum of 21‐day‐old offspring. The mitochondrial alterations were associated with sirtuin 3 upregulation and reduced p‐AKT. Our findings show that high polyphenol intake during pregnancy alters mitochondrial physiology and might induce neurogenesis alterations.