Cardiovascular Health, Lifestyle Factors, and Social Determinants in Asian Subpopulations in the United States

•The prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia) and cardiovascular diseases (coronary heart disease, angina, previous myocardial infarction, and stroke) varied significantly across Asian American subpopulations (Chinese, Asian Indian, and Filipino) in the United States.•Filipino adults have the highest burden of cardiovascular risk and diseases, whereas Chinese adults have the lowest burden.•Lifestyle and social determinants of health partially contributed to differences in the burden of cardiovascular diseases across Asian American subpopulations.•In United States-born Asian adults, the burden of cardiovascular risk factors and diseases was similar across subpopulations.•These findings highlight the importance of disaggregating health data for Asian adults (e.g., Chinese, Asian Indian, Filipino), to inform targeted public health strategies to address cardiovascular health inequities in this population. Asian Americans are often aggregated in national public health surveillance efforts, which may conceal important differences in the health status of subgroups that are included in this highly diverse population. Little is known about how cardiovascular health varies across Asian subpopulations and the extent to which lifestyle and social risk factors contribute to any observed differences. This national study used data from the National Health Interview Survey to evaluate the burden of cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus) and cardiovascular diseases (heart attack, coronary heart disease, angina, stroke) across Asian groups (Chinese, Asian Indian, Filipino, Other Asian), and determine whether differences are related to lifestyle factors and/or social determinants of health. The weighted study population included 13,592,178 Asian adults. Filipino adults were more likely to have hypertension than Chinese adults (29.4% vs 15.4%; adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.40, 95% confidence interval [1.91 to 3.02]), as were Asian Indians (15.7%; OR 1.59 [1.25 to 2.02]). These patterns were similar for hyperlipidemia and diabetes mellitus. For cardiovascular diseases, Filipino adults were significantly more likely to have coronary heart disease (4.2% vs 1.9%; OR 2.19 [1.32 to 3.56]), heart attack (2.6% vs 0.9%; OR 2.79 [1.44 to 5.41]), angina (1.8% vs 0.9%; OR 2.15 [1.06 to 4.32]), and stroke (2.1% vs 0.8%; OR 2.54 [1.42 to 4.55]) compared with Chinese adults, whereas there were no differe