Metabolomic and genetic architecture of gestational diabetes subtypes

Aims/hypothesis Physiological gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) subtypes that may confer different risks for adverse pregnancy outcomes have been defined. The aim of this study was to characterise the metabolome and genetic architecture of GDM subtypes to address the hypothesis that they differ between GDM subtypes. Methods This was a cross-sectional study of participants in the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) study who underwent an OGTT at approximately 28 weeks’ gestation. GDM was defined retrospectively using International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups/WHO criteria, and classified as insulin-deficient GDM (insulin secretion