Mortality by avoidable causes in Brazil from 1990 to 2019: data from the Global Burden of Disease Study

The aim of this study was to analyse the trends of avoidable mortality in Brazil from 1990 to 2019 and its correlation with sociodemographic indexes (SDIs). Epidemiological mortality trends. This study analysed data from the Global Burden of Disease database. The list of causes of avoidable death, as proposed by Nolte and McKee, was applied and included 32 causes. The current study used age-standardised mortality rates and the rates of change, in addition to a correlation analysis between avoidable death and the SDI. Mortality rates decreased from 343.90/100,000 inhabitants in 1990 to 155.80/100,000 inhabitants in 2019. Infectious diseases showed the largest decline in mortality rates, but notable decreases were also found for diarrhoeal diseases (−94.9%), maternal conditions (−66.5%) and neonatal conditions (−60.5%). Mortality rates for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) also decreased (−48%) but maintained a similar absolute number of deaths in 2019 compared with 1990. Decreased mortality rates were also found for ischaemic heart disease (−49.1%), stroke (−61.4%) and deaths due to adverse effects caused by medical treatments (−26.2%). Avoidable mortality rates declined in all of the 27 Brazilian states, and a high correlation was found between deaths and SDI (R = −0.74; P