Practice guideline on ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation in the prevention and treatment of iatrogenic premature ovarian insufficiency

•It is estimated that at least one million prepubertal girls and women of reproductive age in China are at risk of iatrogenic premature ovarian insufficiency every year.•It is now possible to prevent and treat iatrogenic premature ovarian insufficiency.•Ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation are the most promising methods to preserve the ovarian function and fertility for women who cannot delay radiotherapy or chemotherapy.•Cryopreservation and transplantation are no longer considered experimental technologies.•Multidisciplinary experts have been consulted to formulate this guideline. Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) refers to the decline of ovarian function before the age of 40. POI causes a reduction in or loss of female fertility, accompanied by different degrees of menopausal symptoms, which increases the risk of chronic diseases related to early menopause and seriously affects patients' quality of life and health. It is conservatively estimated that at least one million prepubertal girls and women of reproductive age in China are at risk of iatrogenic POI caused by radiotherapy and chemotherapy every year. With the development of medical technology and the breakthrough of scientific and technological advances, preventing and treating iatrogenic POI have become possible. International and national guidelines consider cryopreserved ovarian tissue transplantation to be the most promising method of preserving the ovarian function and fertility of prepubertal girls and women of reproductive age who cannot delay radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In order to guide the clinical application of ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation technology in China, the Guideline Working Group finally included 14 scientific questions and 18 recommendations through a questionnaire survey, field investigation, and consultation of a large number of Chinese and English literature databases in order to provide a reference for colleagues in clinical practice.