Enhanced Efficiency and Stability of Inverted CsPbI2Br Perovskite Solar Cells via Fluorinated Organic Ammonium Salt Surface Passivation

All-inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have recently received increasing attention due to their outstanding thermal stability. However, the performance of these devices, especially for the devices with a p–i–n structure, is still inferior to that of the typical organic–inorganic counterparts. In this study, we introduce phenylammonium iodides with different side groups on the surface of the CsPbI2Br perovskite film and investigate their passivation effects. Our studies indicate that the 4-trifluoromethyl phenylammonium iodide (CFPA) molecule with the –CF3 side group effectively decreases the trap density of the perovskite film by forming interactions with the undercoordinated Pb2+ ions and significantly inhibits the nonradiative recombination in the derived PSC, leading to an enhanced open-circuit voltage (V oc) from 0.96 to 1.10 V after passivation. Also, the CFPA post-treatment enables better energy-level alignment between the conduction band minimum of CsPbI2Br perovskite and [6,6]-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester, thereby enhancing the charge extraction from the perovskite to the charge transport layer. These combined benefits result in a significant enhancement of the power conversion efficiency from 11.22 to 14.37% for inverted CsPbI2Br PSCs. The device without encapsulation exhibits a degradation of only ≈4% after 1992 h in a N2 glovebox.