Hirsutinolide‐ and Cadinanolide‐type Sesquiterpene Lactones from Lessingianthus rubricaulis (Vernonieae, Asteraceae)

Sesquiterpene lactones are an important class of secondary metabolites frequently isolated from Lessingianthus genus that present a variety of biological properties, such as antimalarial, anti‐inflammatory, antileishmanial, antitrypanosomal and anticancer. The limited phytochemical studies and the importance of this class of compounds isolated from Lessingianthus led us to study this genus. In this work, we focused on the phytochemical investigation and dereplication based on UHPLC‐HRMS/MS and molecular networking of L. rubricaulis. Chemical investigation resulted in the isolation of several hirsutinolide‐type sesquiterpene lactones including a new hirsutinolide derivative, 8,10α‐hydroxy‐1,13‐bis‐O‐methylhirsutinolide, besides a cadinanolide and flavonoids. The dereplication study resulted in the identification of three known flavonoids, six known hirsutinolides and two known cadinanolides. Moreover, a fragmentation pathway for cadinanolide‐type sesquiterpene lactones was proposed. These results contribute to chemotaxonomic studies and demonstrates the potential of Lessingianthus genus.