OAM mode-division multiplexing IM/DD transmission at 4.32 Tbit/s with a low-complexity adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system nonlinear equalizer

Stochastic nonlinear impairment is the primary factor that limits the transmission performance of high-speed orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode-division multiplexing (MDM) optical fiber communication systems. This Letter presents a low-complexity adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system (LANFIS) nonlinear equalizer for OAM-MDM intensity-modulation direct-detection (IM/DD) transmission with three OAM modes and 15 wavelength division multiplex (WDM) channels. The LANFIS equalizer could adjust the probability distribution functions (PDFs) of the distorted pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) symbols to fit the statistical characteristics of the WDM-OAM-MDM transmission channel. Therefore, although the transmission symbols in the WDM-OAM-MDM system are subjected to a stochastic nonlinear impairment, the proposed LANFIS equalizer can effectively compensate the distorted signals. The proposed equalizer outperforms the Volterra equalizer with improvements in receiver sensitivity of 2, 1.5, and 1.3 dB for three OAM modes at a wavelength of 1550.12 nm, respectively. It also outperforms a CNN equalizer, with improvements in receiver sensitivity of 1, 0.5, and 0.3 dB, respectively. Moreover, complexity reductions of 67%, 74%, and 99.9% are achieved for the LANFIS equalizer compared with the Volterra, CNN, and ANFIS equalizers, respectively. The proposed equalizer has high performance and low complexity, making it a promising candidate for a high-speed WDM-OAM-MDM system.