Neurological outcomes in traffic accidents: A propensity score matching analysis of medical and non-medical origin cases of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

This study aimed to comprehensively compare the characteristics of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) with medical and non-medical origins attributed to traffic accidents and explore the potential association between the cases with a medical origin and neurologically favorable outcomes. In this retrospective nationwide population-based study, baseline data were collected between January 2018 and December 2020. We analyzed 5091 OHCA associated with traffic accidents on the road scene. Only those encounters involving treatment or transport by prehospital emergency medical technicians were included. The characteristics of OHCA incidents and their outcomes were analyzed by categorizing patients into “medical origin” and “non-medical origin” groups. Medical-origin cases exhibited several distinct characteristics, including higher frequencies of occurrence during the daytime (79.3% [706/890] vs. 68.9% [2895/4201], p