A Comparison Study on Toughening Vinyl Ester Resins Using Different Nanocarbon Materials
This study aims to comprehensively compare and evaluate the toughening effects of different nanocarbon materials on vinyl ester resins. Four typical nanocarbon materials, including graphene, graphene oxide (GO), single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), wer...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Polymers 2023-11, Vol.15 (23), p.4536 |
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| creator | Yang, Ruirui Wang, Yating Ran, Xiaolu Liu, Wanshuang |
| description | This study aims to comprehensively compare and evaluate the toughening effects of different nanocarbon materials on vinyl ester resins. Four typical nanocarbon materials, including graphene, graphene oxide (GO), single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), were used as reinforcing fillers for vinyl ester resins. These four nanocarbon materials were dispersed in the vinyl ester resin matrix by the combination of high-speed stirring and probe sonication, and their dispersion states were observed with optical microscopy. The effects of incorporating different nanocarbon materials on the viscosities, thermal properties, tensile properties, and fracture toughness of the resulting modified vinyl ester resins were systematically investigated. The results indicate that the four nanocarbon materials show enhanced toughening effects on the vinyl ester resin in the sequence of SWCNTs, GO, MWCNTs, and graphene. Compared with the control resin, the modified vinyl ester resin containing 0.2 wt% graphene shows 45% and 54% enhancements in the critical stress intensity factor (
) and critical strain energy release rate (
), respectively. The incorporation of the four nanocarbon materials has almost no effect on the glass transition temperatures of the resulting modified vinyl ester resins. This study provides valuable insights into the selection of nanocarbon additives for enhancing the toughness of vinyl ester resins. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/polym15234536 |
| format | Article |
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) and critical strain energy release rate (
), respectively. The incorporation of the four nanocarbon materials has almost no effect on the glass transition temperatures of the resulting modified vinyl ester resins. This study provides valuable insights into the selection of nanocarbon additives for enhancing the toughness of vinyl ester resins.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2073-4360</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2073-4360</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/polym15234536</identifier><identifier>PMID: 38231961</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Additives ; Carbon ; Composite materials ; Dispersion ; Epoxy resins ; Fracture toughness ; Glass transition temperature ; Graphene ; Mechanical properties ; Methods ; Multi wall carbon nanotubes ; Optical microscopy ; Polymers ; Single wall carbon nanotubes ; Strain energy release rate ; Stress intensity factors ; Technology application ; Tensile properties ; Thermodynamic properties ; Vinyl ester resins ; Viscosity</subject><ispartof>Polymers, 2023-11, Vol.15 (23), p.4536</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2023 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c399t-deae6a7a2af786ccab7e52c3a5f0328cc3dab1bc3ab311b036730084c04e33003</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c399t-deae6a7a2af786ccab7e52c3a5f0328cc3dab1bc3ab311b036730084c04e33003</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-6362-4668</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,27905,27906</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38231961$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Yang, Ruirui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Yating</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ran, Xiaolu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Wanshuang</creatorcontrib><title>A Comparison Study on Toughening Vinyl Ester Resins Using Different Nanocarbon Materials</title><title>Polymers</title><addtitle>Polymers (Basel)</addtitle><description>This study aims to comprehensively compare and evaluate the toughening effects of different nanocarbon materials on vinyl ester resins. Four typical nanocarbon materials, including graphene, graphene oxide (GO), single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), were used as reinforcing fillers for vinyl ester resins. These four nanocarbon materials were dispersed in the vinyl ester resin matrix by the combination of high-speed stirring and probe sonication, and their dispersion states were observed with optical microscopy. The effects of incorporating different nanocarbon materials on the viscosities, thermal properties, tensile properties, and fracture toughness of the resulting modified vinyl ester resins were systematically investigated. The results indicate that the four nanocarbon materials show enhanced toughening effects on the vinyl ester resin in the sequence of SWCNTs, GO, MWCNTs, and graphene. Compared with the control resin, the modified vinyl ester resin containing 0.2 wt% graphene shows 45% and 54% enhancements in the critical stress intensity factor (
) and critical strain energy release rate (
), respectively. The incorporation of the four nanocarbon materials has almost no effect on the glass transition temperatures of the resulting modified vinyl ester resins. This study provides valuable insights into the selection of nanocarbon additives for enhancing the toughness of vinyl ester resins.</description><subject>Additives</subject><subject>Carbon</subject><subject>Composite materials</subject><subject>Dispersion</subject><subject>Epoxy resins</subject><subject>Fracture toughness</subject><subject>Glass transition temperature</subject><subject>Graphene</subject><subject>Mechanical properties</subject><subject>Methods</subject><subject>Multi wall carbon nanotubes</subject><subject>Optical microscopy</subject><subject>Polymers</subject><subject>Single wall carbon nanotubes</subject><subject>Strain energy release rate</subject><subject>Stress intensity factors</subject><subject>Technology application</subject><subject>Tensile properties</subject><subject>Thermodynamic properties</subject><subject>Vinyl ester resins</subject><subject>Viscosity</subject><issn>2073-4360</issn><issn>2073-4360</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkctLxDAQxoMoKrpHr1Lw4qWaZNq0OS7rE3yAL7yVNJ2ukTZZk_aw_71ZVkWdHOZj5veFgY-QA0ZPACQ9Xbhu2bOcQ5aD2CC7nBaQZiDo5i-9QyYhvNNYWS4EK7bJDpQcmBRsl7xOk5nrF8qb4GzyOIzNMoniyY3zN7TGzpMXY5ddch4G9MkDBmND8hxWizPTtujRDsmdsk4rX0fjrYqcUV3YJ1ttbDj56nvk-eL8aXaV3txfXs-mN6kGKYe0QYVCFYqrtiiF1qouMOcaVN5S4KXW0Kia1XFQA2M1BVEApWWmaYYQFeyR4_W_C-8-RgxD1ZugseuURTeGiksmMlpKLiN69A99d6O38bqKl1JmXIpSROpkTc1Vh5WxrRu80vE12BvtLLYmzqdFkZeSSYBoSNcG7V0IHttq4U2v_LJitFrFVP2JKfKHX2eMdY_ND_0dCnwCry-NfA</recordid><startdate>20231125</startdate><enddate>20231125</enddate><creator>Yang, Ruirui</creator><creator>Wang, Yating</creator><creator>Ran, Xiaolu</creator><creator>Liu, Wanshuang</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6362-4668</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20231125</creationdate><title>A Comparison Study on Toughening Vinyl Ester Resins Using Different Nanocarbon Materials</title><author>Yang, Ruirui ; Wang, Yating ; Ran, Xiaolu ; Liu, Wanshuang</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c399t-deae6a7a2af786ccab7e52c3a5f0328cc3dab1bc3ab311b036730084c04e33003</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Additives</topic><topic>Carbon</topic><topic>Composite materials</topic><topic>Dispersion</topic><topic>Epoxy resins</topic><topic>Fracture toughness</topic><topic>Glass transition temperature</topic><topic>Graphene</topic><topic>Mechanical properties</topic><topic>Methods</topic><topic>Multi wall carbon nanotubes</topic><topic>Optical microscopy</topic><topic>Polymers</topic><topic>Single wall carbon nanotubes</topic><topic>Strain energy release rate</topic><topic>Stress intensity factors</topic><topic>Technology application</topic><topic>Tensile properties</topic><topic>Thermodynamic properties</topic><topic>Vinyl ester resins</topic><topic>Viscosity</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Yang, Ruirui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Yating</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ran, Xiaolu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Wanshuang</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Polymers</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Yang, Ruirui</au><au>Wang, Yating</au><au>Ran, Xiaolu</au><au>Liu, Wanshuang</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A Comparison Study on Toughening Vinyl Ester Resins Using Different Nanocarbon Materials</atitle><jtitle>Polymers</jtitle><addtitle>Polymers (Basel)</addtitle><date>2023-11-25</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>23</issue><spage>4536</spage><pages>4536-</pages><issn>2073-4360</issn><eissn>2073-4360</eissn><abstract>This study aims to comprehensively compare and evaluate the toughening effects of different nanocarbon materials on vinyl ester resins. Four typical nanocarbon materials, including graphene, graphene oxide (GO), single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), were used as reinforcing fillers for vinyl ester resins. These four nanocarbon materials were dispersed in the vinyl ester resin matrix by the combination of high-speed stirring and probe sonication, and their dispersion states were observed with optical microscopy. The effects of incorporating different nanocarbon materials on the viscosities, thermal properties, tensile properties, and fracture toughness of the resulting modified vinyl ester resins were systematically investigated. The results indicate that the four nanocarbon materials show enhanced toughening effects on the vinyl ester resin in the sequence of SWCNTs, GO, MWCNTs, and graphene. Compared with the control resin, the modified vinyl ester resin containing 0.2 wt% graphene shows 45% and 54% enhancements in the critical stress intensity factor (
) and critical strain energy release rate (
), respectively. The incorporation of the four nanocarbon materials has almost no effect on the glass transition temperatures of the resulting modified vinyl ester resins. This study provides valuable insights into the selection of nanocarbon additives for enhancing the toughness of vinyl ester resins.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>38231961</pmid><doi>10.3390/polym15234536</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6362-4668</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central Open Access; MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; PubMed Central |
| subjects | Additives Carbon Composite materials Dispersion Epoxy resins Fracture toughness Glass transition temperature Graphene Mechanical properties Methods Multi wall carbon nanotubes Optical microscopy Polymers Single wall carbon nanotubes Strain energy release rate Stress intensity factors Technology application Tensile properties Thermodynamic properties Vinyl ester resins Viscosity |
| title | A Comparison Study on Toughening Vinyl Ester Resins Using Different Nanocarbon Materials |
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