Classification of cancer types based on microRNA expression using a hybrid radial basis function and particle swarm optimization algorithm

The diagnosis and treatment of cancer is one of the most challenging aspects of the medical profession, despite advances in disease diagnosis. MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNA molecules involved in regulating gene expression and are associated with several cancer types. Therefore, the analysis of microRNA data has become one of the most important areas of cancer research in recent years. This paper presents an improved method for cancer‐type classification based on microRNA expression data using a hybrid radial basis function (RBF) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Two datasets containing microRNA information were used, and preprocessing and normalization operations were performed on the raw data. Feature selection was carried out by using the PSO algorithm, which can identify the most relevant and informative features in the data along with helping to prioritize them. Using a PSO algorithm for feature selection is an effective approach to microRNA analysis. This enhances the accuracy and reliability of cancer‐type classifications based on microRNA expression data. In the proposed method, we, respectively, achieved an accuracy of 0.95% and 0.91% on both datasets, with an average of 0.93%, using an improved RBF neural network classifier. These results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms previous works. Research Highlights To enhance the accuracy of cancer‐type classifications based on microRNA expression data. We present a minimal feature selection method using particle swarm optimization to reduce computational load & radial basis function to improve accuracy. An improved method for cancer‐type classification based on microRNA expression data using a hybrid radial basis function (RBF) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Feature selection was carried out by using the PSO algorithm. we achieved an accuracy of 0.95% and 0.91% on both datasets, with an average of 0.93%, using an improved RBF neural network classifier.