GC/MS and 2D NMR-based approach to evaluate the chemical profile of hydroalcoholic extract from Agaricus blazei Murill and its anti-inflammatory effect on human neutrophils

Agaricus blazei Murill (AbM) is one of the main mushrooms used for medicinal purposes. The use of AbM in the preparation of teas is widespread mainly in Asian countries, while in Brazil it is used as a functional food to combat inflammatory diseases and cancer. The main focus of this study was the characterization of the chemical profile of the hydroalcoholic extract of Agaricus blazei Murill (AbE), as well as the evaluation of its cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory potential using human neutrophils. The extract was prepared by dynamic maceration using a mixture of ethanol and water (70/30, v v ) as solvent. The chemical profile characterization was carried out by 2D NMR and GC-MS techniques. The cytotoxicity of AbE was evaluated through studies of hemolytic potential, cell viability and membrane integrity. The anti-inflammatory activity was analyzed by a PMA-induced neutrophil degranulation assay. Chemical analysis of AbE revealed the presence of 28 metabolites in its composition, with mannitol as the major compound. AbE at 1-200 μg mL and mannitol at 4-160 μg mL , showed low hemolytic and cytotoxic potential against human red blood cells and neutrophils. Furthermore, both were able to significantly reduce the release of myeloperoxidase. These results indicate that AbE is a promising natural product to be incorporated into pharmaceutical dosage forms intended for the adjuvant treatment of inflammatory diseases.