Protein extracted from Moringa oleifera Lam. Leaves: Bio-evaluation and characterization as suitable plant-based meat-protein alternative

This study aimed to isolate and characterize moringa leaf protein (MLP) via HPLC and evaluate its consumption's effects through rat model. Four groups of Albino Wistar rats (n = 25 each) along with a control group (n = 25) were acclimatized. The isolated MLP was added to the basal diet (casein; control) in various percentages (25, 50, 75, 100%) for a 21-day experimental period. On three intervals (1st, 11th, 21st days), blood samples were collected and subjected for hematological and biochemical examination (Renal Function Test (RFT), Liver Function Test (LFT)). MLP contained a variety of essential and non-essential amino acids in substantial amounts. The Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER) of 50% MLP-treated group was the highest (1.72) among MLP treatments. Increases in feed intake and weight were observed in treated rats compared to the control. The hematological profile of the rats revealed increases in Hemoglobin (Hb) (7.9–14.0%), White Blood Cell (WBC) (35.9–51.5%), Red Blood Cell (RBC) (17.1–22.2%), Hematocrit (HCT) (13.1–22.9%), and platelets levels (36.5–40.6%) from day 1. Protein isolates decreased liver parameters but resulted in non-significant changes in liver and kidney functions in rats. Further investigation is needed to determine the safe daily intake of MLP. •The Protein Efficiency Ratio of 50% MLP-treated group was the highest among MLP ones.•Increases in feed intake and weight were observed in MLP-treated rats.•Hemoglobin, White Blood Cell, Red Blood Cell, Hematocrit, platelets increased starting day 11.•No toxic effects of isolated protein on kidneys and liver of rats were revealed.•Moringa leaves can be a good plant-based meat-protein alternative.