Spin Polarization: A New Frontier in Efficient Photocatalysis for Environmental Purification and Energy Conversion

As a promising strategy to improve photocatalytic efficiency, spin polarization has attracted enormous attention in recent years, which could be involved in various steps of photoreaction. The Pauli repulsion principle and the spin selection rule dictate that the behavior of two electrons in a spatial eigenstate is based on their spin states, and this fact opens up a new avenue for manipulating photocatalytic efficiency. In this review, recent advances in modulating the photocatalytic activity with spin polarization are systematically summarized. Fundamental insights into the influence of spin‐polarization effects on photon absorption, carrier separation, and migration, and the behaviors of reaction‐related substances from the photon uptake to reactant desorption are highlighted and discussed in detail, and various photocatalytic applications for environmental purification and energy conversion are presented. This review is expected to deliver a timely overview of the recent developments in spin‐polarization‐modulated photocatalysis for environmental purification and energy conversion in terms of their practical applications. Herein, a comprehensive overview of strategies for the construction of spin‐polarization effects in photocatalysts and their role in improving photocatalytic environmental purification and energy conversion efficiencies is presented, with special focus on the modulation of photon absorption, carrier separation, and surface reactions.