Transition Metal Phosphides: The Rising Star of Lithium–Sulfur Battery Cathode Host

Lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) with ultra‐high energy density (2600 W h kg−1) and readily available raw materials are emerging as a potential alternative device with low cost for lithium‐ion batteries. However, the insulation of sulfur and the unavoidable shuttle effect leads to slow reaction kinetics of LSBs, which in turn cause various roadblocks including poor rate capability, inferior cycling stability, and low coulombic efficiency. The most effective way to solve the issues mentioned above is to rationally design and control the synthesis of the cathode host for LSBs. Transition metal phosphides (TMPs) with good electrical conductivity and dual adsorption‐conversion capabilities for polysulfide (PS) are regarded as promising cathode hosts for new‐generation LSBs. In this review, the main obstacles to commercializing the LSBs and the development processes of their cathode host are first elaborated. Then, the sulfur fixation principles, and synthesis methods of the TMPs are briefly summarized and the recent progress of TMPs in LSBs is reviewed in detail. Finally, a perspective on the future research directions of LSBs is provided. Transition metal phosphides (TMPs) have excellent electrochemical and catalytic properties due to charge rearrangement in the hybridization behavior of the metal‐atom d‐orbitals and P‐atom p‐orbitals. This review systematically introduces the relevant studies on TMPs as cathode hosts of lithium‐sulfur batteries (LSBs), while analyzing TMPs′ catalytic characteristics for the intermediate product polysulfides. Finally, the challenges and outlook of TMPs in LSBs are elaborated.