A ruptured bronchial artery aneurysm presenting with neurological symptoms

A 72-year-old man visited the emergency department with chief complaints of dizziness and dysarthria. Initially, a stroke was strongly suspected and brain computed tomography (CT) and neck CT angiography were performed; however, a ruptured bronchial artery aneurysm (BAA) was observed. BAA is a rare disease and usually asymptomatic but can be life-threatening. Patients with a ruptured BAA may present with hypovolemic shock, causing symptoms such as suspected cerebrovascular disease due to decreased cerebral blood flow. •Bronchial artery aneurysm (BAA) is a rare and asymptomatic disease.•Depending on its location and size, symptoms can include dysphagia and chest pain.•BAA can be associated with both cardiopulmonary and neurological symptoms.•If the aneurysm ruptures, it can cause hemoptysis and hypovolemic shock.•Transcatheter bronchial artery embolization/surgery is performed if BAA ruptures.