Extending the visible light absorption of NH2-UiO-66 through diazotization reaction for photocatalytic chromium (VI) reduction

The optical properties of NH 2 -UiO-66 as a visible light–active metal organic framework was further enhanced through the diazotization reaction with π-conjugated 1-naphthol reagent. Diffuse reflectance UV–Vis spectrum of diazotized MOF, named as Azo-UiO-66, exhibited a significant red shift compared to unfunctionalized NH 2 -UiO-66 due to the formation of diazo compound. Also, Tauc calculations indicated considerable decrease in band gap energy from 2.68 to 1.7 eV, resulting in improvement of visible light harvesting. Furthermore, other physicochemical techniques, e.g., X-ray diffraction (XRD), N 2 adsorption–desorption analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), energ-dispersive X-ray (EDX), and CHN elemental analyses demonstrated the successful MOF diazotization with 1-naphthol and preservation of NH 2 -UiO-66 framework upon post-modification process. The reduction of hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), as a serious contaminant in wastewater to less toxic Cr(III) was performed over prepared photocatalyst, which demonstrated the positive role of ligand functionalization and enhancement of visible light absorption on overall photocatalytic performance of Azo-UiO-66.