3′‐Hydroxypterostilbene Potently Suppresses Tumor Growth via Inhibiting the Activation of the JAK2/STAT3 Pathway in Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma

Scope Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is a subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) that is associated with higher interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) levels, and suppression of the Janus kinase 2/Signal transducer and activator of transription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) pathway may contribute to the suppression of this cancer. This study aims to compare the anti‐cancer effect of pterostilbene (PSB) and 2’‐ and 3’‐hydroxypterostilbene (2HPSB and 3HPSB, respectively) on the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Methods and results In vitro experiments with the OCCC cell line TOV21G and a xenograft nude mouse model are used to achieve the study aims. The results showed that 3HPSB has the greatest anti‐proliferative and pro‐apoptotic effects of the three compounds studied. Activation of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway and the nuclear translocation of STAT3 are effectively inhibited by 3HPSB and PSB. Both 3HPSB and PSB can effectively suppress tumor growth, which is mediated by the inhibition of JAK2/STAT3 phosphorylation. Conclusion This is the first study to compare the efficacy of PSB, 3HPSB, and the newly identified compound 2HPSB regarding ovarian cancer. Moreover, targeting JAK2/STAT3 is shown to be a potentially effective strategy for OCCC treatment. This study is expected to provide new insights into the potential of the abovementioned phytochemicals for development as adjuvants for cancer treatment in the future. Suppression of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway by 3’‐hydroxypterostilbene and pterostilbene may contribute to tumor growth inhibition in a xenograft nude mouse model.