Apparent diffusion coefficient values can predict neuromotor outcome in term neonates with hypoxic–ischaemic encephalopathy

Aim To determine the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in brain structures during the first 2 weeks of life and its relation with neurological outcome for hypoxic–ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) in term neonates. Methods We retrospectively evaluated 56 term‐born neonates. The ADC values were measured for 11 brain regions. The clinical outcomes at least 2 years of age were defined as normal outcome, mild disability and severe disability. The area under curves (AUCs) by ROC analysis were performed to predict the neurodevelopmental outcomes. The clinical outcomes were compared between favourable outcome and adverse outcome and also between normal outcome and unfavourable outcome. Results Thirty‐four patients were judged as normal outcome, 10 as mild disability and 12 as severe disability. When the clinical outcomes were compared between favourable outcome and adverse outcome, the AUC on the 1st week was highest value at the thalamus. When the clinical outcomes were compared between normal outcome and unfavourable outcome, the AUC on the 1st week was highest at the thalamus. Conclusion The ADC values in the thalamus in the 1st week can predict the neurological outcome. The ADC values in centrum semiovale on the 2nd week can be used to predict neurodevelopmental outcomes.